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What’s broken about online dating?

I had previously written about game design through the MDA framework. I wanted to analyze something more deeply – online dating is something I think is super broken, so let’s look at it more closely.

Online dating is a maturing industry
The first fact about online dating is that it’s a maturing industry. It started out growing exponentially, but it’s now slowing down to single digit growth levels. It’s down to around 9% now, according to CNN. Ouch. That’s not what you want to see in an internet segment. I think that has to do with the limited zero-sum group that is really into “dating” sites, rather than social sites.

“Dating sites” primarily cater towards an older audience
Think about it: Bars are places for single people to hang out, and maybe you might meet someone there. Great, that’s appealing to everyone! But when you start talking about the crowd that goes to “singles mixers” and “speed dating,” you’re primarily talking about a much older crowd that’s looking to pair up. One issue here, obviously, is that as soon as you slap the “dating” label on something, you’re automatically appealing to people ready to settle down rather than to hang out with people casually.

What are the aesthetics desired for dating?
So, going back to the MDA framework, you should start at the question of, what are the feelings and emotions you’re trying to trigger when it comes to dating sites.

For the younger group, dating is about emotions that are fluttering, up and down, cat-and-mouse, etc. And after enough time, you like the person, you end up giving up pretenses and the shield drops. So a lot of the excitement of dating comes from the thrill of the chase, and then settling down into a real relationship.

For the older crowd, I’m guessing (since I’m not part of this group), that it’s much more around safety, life-long matches that are highly personalized, and making it a comfortable experience. This group still wants a little bit of the cat-and-mouse, but they don’t want to make it *too* exciting. I won’t address this group much since I can’t speak for the userbase.

What’s wrong with online dating?
If you guys have ever used a typical dating site, it seems like the aesthetics are completely broken. By paging through a huge group of profiles, and then clicking to message them, the feeling is much more “transacitonal” in nature. It feels like you’re buying a microwave from Walmart.com than it feels like a social experience.

It seems that “winking” and some in-between interactions are a good place to go to create emergent playfulness, which is where the thrill comes in. I love the fact that on Facebook, you can give an anonymous flower to someone. Or that on MySpace, you can send a message to a friend-of-a-friend asking about something random, and then the game of reading into the message can start.

Where’s a good place to start fixing the problem?
So starting with the aesthetics I named above, I think the dynamics you want to create are ultimately around playfulness, mixed messages, push-pull, and all the other great cat-and-mouse games.

Here are some random ideas I’ve just brainstormed out:

  • Remove the “dating” label from the site, but make it more about hanging out and being social.
  • Make a very long ladder of interactions for people, from winking to poking to giving gifts to asking questions to open ended messaging.
  • Give people an excuse to hang out OTHER than dating – be it casual games, chat, watching videos, etc.
  • Set them up for dating success, even if you’re not a dating site: Provide mixed gender balances in chat rooms, or group people by location and age, etc.

Ultimately, if you can get a gender balanced group of people who are all local to each other to talk and have fun, I think you’re going to find that a lot of them will automatically start dating.

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Written by Andrew Chen
March 15th, 2007 at 12:17 am
  • arjun

    interesting blog post! coincidentally, i’ve been batting around dating site ideas with goals likes “preventing the sausage fest” and making users feel like they’re “accomplishing” something as they search for that special someone.

    but eliminating the transactional nature is tough. i think it’s a tough proposition to create something in the online world that mirrors places or activities that are condusive to conversation & getting to know people (volunteering? house parties?) – but that’s why it’ll be fun :-)

  • http://blog.doyouQ.com mitch matthews

    This is great insight… and good advice.

    It’s interesting. We recently created a game specifically to be played while on dates.

    So… as a part of the promotion… a local coffee house decided to have a singles night specifically to play the game.

    Well… we had fun and we had a good group of people. But… afterwards, the coffee shop owner thought that putting the “singles” label on the event changed the dynamic.

    So… in the future she’s going to have community night… or friends night… So there’s no pressure for people to meet people.

    My guess is that single people are still going to meet and get to know each other better… and then who knows after that. But… without the “dating” or the “singles” tag on the night… it should releive some of the pressure and let people just have fun connecting.

    And… in some ways… that’s what you’re saying on-line dating sites should do.

    Very interesting…

    Good stuff.

    Keep up the great work!

  • David Chen

    Andew,

    Do you think SNS like MingleNow.com and HeyLetsGo.com serve as dating sites? They are highly local, and are event-centric.

    Thanks,
    David

  • http://nabeel.typepad.com Nabeel Hyatt

    This is actually going on right now — it is just that it isn’t labelled “Dating” so it isn’t counted in that 9% growth rate.

    For instance HeyLetsGo is a social event site aimed at 20-30 year olds who are largely single and looking for something to do with other people. It’s a dating site by another name and it seems to perfectly fit your model of “online dating 2.0″ (did I really just say that)

    - n

  • http://www.askgirlout.com Simon

    I think half the problem is that sites to do with dating, attract the wrong sort of person. I’ve been so bored about finding a new site, just to find very attractive girls that want to chat, to then find all they want you to do is visit their site so you can pay them to strip. Anyone else find the same problem?

  • http://www.askgirlout.com Simon

    I think http://www.askgirlout.com is a good site to learn how to attract the right girl.

  • Andrew

    What do you think of millionairematch.com? I heard it’s the 1st dating site catering to rich singles. Now a dozen of similar sites jump into this pool. I personally think this concept is very creative.

  • Craig Hubley

    I designed a very successful dating service and would welcome a chance to do one again. Pardon my length here but I have a lot of experience to relate and have had ten years to think about what works, and I also study current SNS very closely.

    There’s definitely a change in the attitudes of people and it is now a mainstream thing. However its not yet comfy for everyone. Halle Berry admitted in a TV interview that she’d used a chat room but that she dropped out once she realized that she was using a fake name and identity – and so probably were many others… There’s room for serious credentialling and not only for “millionaires” but for anyone who wouldn’t talk to just anyone about sex – which is most people.

    One major problem of the dedicated dating services is that as soon as anyone dates anyone else even remotely seriously, both will remove themselves (or just “hide” themselves) to “prove” to the other that they’re serious and not “still looking”. There’s no longitudinal upsell, you can’t retain that user unless you also run wedding planning and then maternity wear and then marriage counselling services (which is a good plan!).

    So obviously to “give people an excuse to hang out OTHER than dating” is critical, even though some features might actually BE “dates”, e.g. watching a movie or listening to some new music together.

    Facebook is “more about hanging out and being social” already so it may help to think in terms of features you’d add to it. It could have a longer “ladder of interactions” and definitely needs Q&A.

    Emergent playfulness, like the giving of symbols as gifts, a “poke” or writing double entendre comments on “walls” (Facebook), helps, as does friend-of-a-friend features like introductions. Formal structure may be helpful, it certainly has a long history, but you may want to add matchmaker avatars to a conventional social networking service, which have a reputation for both discretion and brattiness, perhaps to break tensions or invite a bunch of folks “at random” to an event who have all expressed some interest in each other… but no one knows who! The role of randomness in SNS is still underappreciated.

    Since so much of love is common goals, letting people casually form teams to play games that allow them to send mixed messages is helpful. Writing jokes or translating things or playing simple “favourite” games like swapping ten seconds of favourite music each other hasn’t heard are all good candidates for this.

    “Ultimately, if you can get a gender balanced group of people who are all local to each other to talk and have fun, I think you’re going to find that a lot of them will automatically start dating.” True, and that’s why meetup.com, Facebook and even political forums all might count as dating services and all may soon have dating-specific add-ons. I suspect that there is strong growth in overall use of the Internet in dating and flirting, but it just isn’t going to the so-called “dating sites” and certainly not ones that are sharing traffic numbers (there’s been growth in very narrow segments like religious and lesbian etc.).

    There is no scale in the “dating” business to compare with a generic social market so such stuff as Facebook has a big edge in sheer numbers. However dating support does seem to require some way to just say “I think you’re cute” or “I think we’ve got something in common” or even “I’ll spend resources on getting to know you”. On lavalife.com (which I designed for its initial launch in 1997-8 when it was “webpersonals”) we used “smiles” as a “currency”… if you got them you could give them. That disadvantaged some of the worst creeps… And women got more initial smiles so they had more control over this currency. You could buy smiles, which was a feature that frankly I had some problems with. I wanted them to cost more if you had to buy a lot of them, and for bought ones to be worth less…
    still an unsolved problem. You somehow have to have well-liked people set the social tone.

    “Where’s a good place to start fixing the problem?” First recognize that there are clear but different goals. The lavalife design relied on keeping long-term romance, short-term dating, and the overnight fetish encounter, entirely separated – under three brand names ideally, even if the engine is the same. Actually lavalife had nine since it had gay male and lesbian dating under different brand names – but the same three time frames/segments. Likewise segment the long-term market into many values communities (Hindu, Muslim, Jewish, socialist) and allow features to vary (Hindus do astrology while libertarians bid on each other in cash). The features could be added in on demand or as part of a temporary game situation, but you want the graphics and names of any “host” avatars etc. to reflect the unique character of the target segment. Any customization at all of how one is presented is helpful but it should be restricted to things most users can do – changing colours, any ring tones associated with messages, choosing favourite quotes to cycle through, picking from a few basic avatars. Yahoo 360 does some of these things right. Look also at SecondLife for the ultimate in customization, including women paying $6 each for designer avatar dresses!

    Having more location and age specific groupings or random introductions helps – maybe cross linking with meetup.com events and such would help. But don’t make too many assumptions. For shorter-term time frames/segments, consider working with relocation and travel services. There are more people than you think looking to move or to meet someone from out of town who they won’t see again on the street. Allowing someone to specify a place they want to move to, without requiring them to make a fake identity that lives there already, is helpful. Dating sites know to ask “do you want kids” but not “where do you want to live”?

    You must limit the role of paid parties, whether they’re in the sex trade or your own paid administrators. The “very attractive girls that want to chat, to then find all they want you to do is visit their site so you can pay them to strip” that’s a lucrative market for guys who don’t luck out, so figure a way to support this use while not letting it interfere with or impersonate a real date. Walk the fine line between amateur porn and pay for play, even allow these users to participate on equal ground with others if they are actually going on dates with someone once a month say, but don’t let them dilute the service to the point of discouragement. Bans don’t work, so regulate somehow. In the P2P age, we are all “trolls” to someone. Try to make sure that a few users don’t have the power to steer the culture too much, even if they’re the ones you’re paying.

  • http://www.1explore.com Juno888

    Facebook is “more about hanging out and being social” already so it may help to think in terms of features you’d add to it. It could have a longer “ladder of interactions” and definitely needs Q&A.

  • http://www.romancerants.com Cara Fletcher

    Online dating may not be the perfect way of meeting someone new but when you don’t have the time it’s a way out.Some people prefer it to going out to meet someone.

  • http://freecriminalbackgroundcheck.weebly.com ronald

    The good thing about online dating: if you are looking for a serious relationship you only need ot find ONE person! You will find this person a lot faster on a dating site than in real life. No doubt about that.

  • http://www.datingintel.com Evan Chase

    Hi Andrew,

    I think that the pre-qualification of being single and willing to pay to meet other who are single is an overlooked factor.

    The grand daddy of commitment is the infamous personality profile with eHarmony. ( takes like 45 min to fill out)

    However, when you take the time to really study eHarmony you find a lot of what the site is supposed to be about falls by the way side in the interest of marketing.

    For Instance, the “Find More Matches” button is only an image (animated gif) and never really triggers a search script.

    Its just a pacification button making us think the (computer) is really trying hard to find us more matches!

    With my background as a webmaster I have found a few of these little flaws and this one makes sense. This way they can meter out the amount of matches over a longer period of time and you guessed it, charge us more monthly fees!

    That being said while some men find eHarmony a pain in the butt due to all its hoops in guided communication, I actually like it and find it a must have for men dating online.

    It’s actually more efficient due to the fact that you don’t have to be creative about your answers until long in to the communication process. How many different ways can you answer, “Your Idea of adventure is?”

    Now if we could just see their picture before all that guided communication….

    Whoops I can!

    Another webmasters only trick!

    Evan Chase
    E/C

  • http://www.oksanalove.com Oksana Boichenko

    Good post, and good idea about changing a dating site into something more social. But what should we do if the site is about long-term realtionships and dating, which join only people how are tired of the games :) ? For example, at http://www.oksanalove.com we have people of all the age groups starting from 18 year-olds. But you’re right, everything will lead to dating – only some people use myspace or facebook for chat with friend, now people are searching the dates there.

  • sydneylobo

    That's Right! We are getting interesting Articles and we are enjoying a lot after reading. I would like to tell you one thing about online dating as you know that recent study found most people were impressed with their online dating match until actually meeting them face to face, sometimes between them and the door! Also, you can tell a great deal about someone from their voice, and tone. Helps weed out the fakes. We should alert for all these types of problems. Great post and I look forward to reading more! :) Thanks a lot!
    Sydney
    Brisbane Dating

  • sydneylobo

    That's Right! We are getting interesting Articles and we are enjoying a lot after reading. I would like to tell you one thing about online dating as you know that recent study found most people were impressed with their online dating match until actually meeting them face to face, sometimes between them and the door! Also, you can tell a great deal about someone from their voice, and tone. Helps weed out the fakes. We should alert for all these types of problems. Great post and I look forward to reading more! :) Thanks a lot!
    Sydney
    Brisbane Dating

  • sydneylobo

    That's Right! We are getting interesting Articles and we are enjoying a lot after reading. I would like to tell you one thing about online dating as you know that recent study found most people were impressed with their online dating match until actually meeting them face to face, sometimes between them and the door! Also, you can tell a great deal about someone from their voice, and tone. Helps weed out the fakes. We should alert for all these types of problems. Great post and I look forward to reading more! :) Thanks a lot!
    Sydney
    Brisbane Dating

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